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Glossary

Traditional Enterprise Architecture Terms

Term Definition
Activity A discrete, bounded unit of work within a process, with defined inputs, outputs, and a performer. ZORBA Layer 5.
Business Architecture The discipline of defining and organising how an enterprise creates, delivers, and captures value through its structure, capabilities, and processes.
Capability An organisational ability required to achieve objectives — what the enterprise needs to be able to do, independent of how it does it. ZORBA Layer 3.
Domain A major functional area of the enterprise (e.g., Finance, Marketing, Operations). ZORBA defines 12 enterprise domains.
Enterprise Architecture The practice of designing the structure of an organisation — its strategy, operations, information, and technology — as an integrated whole.
Objective A measurable goal that translates strategy into accountable outcomes. ZORBA Layer 2.
Operating Model The blueprint for how an organisation delivers value through its people, processes, and technology.
Process A structured sequence of activities that delivers a capability. The "how" of the enterprise. ZORBA Layer 4.
Reference Architecture A standardised model that provides a common vocabulary and structure for describing a domain. ZORBA is a reference architecture for the blended enterprise.
Strategy The organisation's purpose, vision, direction, and competitive positioning. ZORBA Layer 1.
Value Chain The full set of activities an organisation performs to create and deliver value to its customers.
Work The actual execution — instances of activities being performed, producing outputs. ZORBA Layer 6.

Agentic Enterprise Terms (Introduced by ZORBA)

Term Definition
Agent An AI-powered entity that operates with a degree of autonomy within the enterprise — making decisions, executing tasks, and collaborating with humans and other agents within defined authority boundaries. Distinguished from a "tool" by its capacity for autonomous action.
Agent Auditor A role responsible for independent assessment of agent compliance, performance, and governance adherence.
Agent Owner The human or team accountable for a specific agent's configuration, performance, and fitness for purpose.
Agent Platform The technology infrastructure, tooling, and operations that enable enterprise agents to operate. Managed within the Technology & Data domain.
Agentic Maturity Profile A structured assessment of a domain's readiness for agent participation, showing the current and target human/agent split across activities.
Authority Boundary The explicitly defined limits of an agent's decision-making and action-taking power. Agents must not act outside their authority boundary.
Authority Grantor The human who approved an agent's autonomy level and authority boundaries. Accountable for the appropriateness of the authority granted.
Autonomous Agent An agent type that executes defined work independently within bounded authority, without requiring human involvement for each instance. See Workforce Model.
Autonomy Level A classification (A0–A4) that defines how much independence an agent has. Ranges from A0 (Inert — information only) to A4 (Autonomous — full authority within scope).
Blended Workforce An organisational workforce comprising both human workers and AI agents, operating as an integrated team with defined roles, responsibilities, and governance.
Capability Composition Matrix A ZORBA assessment tool for determining the appropriate workforce composition (human, agent, or blended) for each capability.
Chain of Accountability ZORBA's model for resolving the accountability question when agents act. Maps accountability through Agent Owner, Authority Grantor, Process Owner, Domain Owner, and Governance Function.
Chief Agent Officer An executive role responsible for enterprise-wide agent strategy, governance, and risk management.
Co-Pilot Agent An agent type that works alongside a specific human, augmenting their capabilities while the human retains decision authority. See Workforce Model.
Composition Profile A classification of the human/agent workforce mix for a function: Human-Essential (H), Human-Led (H+a), Blended (H=A), Agent-Led (h+A), or Agent-Essential (A).
Decision Authority Matrix (DAM) A governance artefact that defines, for every significant decision type, whether a human or agent has authority to make it, and under what conditions.
Domain Agent Steward A role responsible for agent governance within a specific enterprise domain.
Escalation The mechanism by which an agent transfers control to a human (or higher-authority agent) when encountering situations outside its authority or capability. A design feature, not a failure mode.
Escalation Packet The structured bundle of information an agent must provide when escalating: context, actions taken, assessment, recommendations, and state.
Execution Orchestrator An agentic pattern in which an agent manages end-to-end process execution, routing work to appropriate human and agent performers.
Governance Gradient The ZORBA concept that governance intensity varies across layers — highest at Strategy, evolving to continuous monitoring at Work.
Governance Maturity Level A classification (G1–G5) of how mature an organisation's agent governance is, from Ad Hoc to Optimising.
Human Override The foundational governance principle that any human with appropriate authority can stop, redirect, or take over agent activity at any time. Non-negotiable in ZORBA.
Orchestrator Agent An agent type that coordinates and manages workflows involving multiple humans and/or agents. See Workforce Model.
Specialist Agent An agent type with deep expertise in a narrow domain, invoked for specific tasks. See Workforce Model.
Trust Calibration The ongoing process of adjusting an agent's autonomy level based on observed performance, trust signals, and changing context.
Trust Signal An observable indicator (positive or negative) that informs trust calibration decisions. Examples: decision quality, escalation appropriateness, error rates.
Workforce Composition The designed blend of human and agent capability for a given function, process, or activity. An explicit architectural decision in ZORBA.
Workforce Composition Audit An assessment of whether the actual human/agent mix matches the designed composition, and whether the designed composition remains appropriate.

ZORBA Layer Abbreviations

Abbreviation Layer
L1 Strategy
L2 Objectives
L3 Capabilities
L4 Processes
L5 Activities
L6 Work

ZORBA Autonomy Scale

Code Level Description
A0 Inert Information only, no authority to act
A1 Supervised Acts, but every output requires human approval
A2 Guided Autonomous for routine; flags exceptions for review
A3 Trusted Autonomous within boundaries; human reviews by exception
A4 Autonomous Full authority within scope; human oversight is structural

ZORBA Decision Authority Levels

Code Level Description
D1 Human-Only No agent involvement in the decision
D2 Human-Decided, Agent-Prepared Agent prepares, human decides
D3 Agent-Decided, Human-Approved Agent decides, human approves before effect
D4 Agent-Decided, Human-Notified Agent decides and acts, human notified
D5 Agent-Decided, Exception-Reported Agent decides and acts, human sees exceptions only

ZORBA Workforce Composition Codes

Code Composition Description
H Human-Essential Must be performed by humans
H+a Human-Led, Agent-Supported Human performs, agent assists
H=A Blended Genuinely shared responsibility
h+A Agent-Led, Human-Supervised Agent performs, human oversees
A Agent-Essential Optimally performed by agents

ZORBA Process Notation

Symbol Meaning
[H] Human-executed step
[A] Agent-executed step
[H→A] Human-to-agent handoff
[A→H] Agent-to-human escalation
[H+A] Collaborative step
[A⟲] Agent autonomous loop

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